Sparkle: Comparing XYZ of the ABCs

Sparkle: Comparing XYZ of the ABCs:   It's almost that time of year again-tax-free back-to-school shopping, fresh haircuts and new up-dos, lunch boxes and uniforms, and all...

Comparing XYZ of the ABCs

 

It's almost that time of year again-tax-free back-to-school shopping, fresh haircuts and new up-dos, lunch boxes and uniforms, and all the excitement that come with returning to a familiar school routine. 

As I prepare, I mentally run through my checklist, noting what's already done and what still needs attention.  My goal is simple: to make sure my child is set up for success.  No child will excel in every single area, but understanding where support is needed-and where they can shine-helps ensure they meet grade-level expectations and, ideally, surpass them. 

Then the bigger questions surface: What exactly is the standard? What benchmarks and developmental milestones should my child be aiming for this year? How do national expectations align with my child's age and grade level? Historically, Western students haven't always ranked at the top academically. It makes me wonder how our benchmarks compare to those in other countries, and what differences in educational approaches might explain those gaps. 

What are the national education benchmarks for a second grader?

National education benchmarks for second graders focus on what most 7–8‑year‑olds are expected to know and be able to do across core subjects. Because the U.S. does not have a single national curriculum, benchmarks come from widely adopted standards such as Common Core (ELA & Math), Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), and C3 Framework for Social Studies. Below is a clear, structured summary of what second graders are typically expected to achieve.

📘 English Language Arts (Reading & Writing)

Key benchmarks:

• Read and understand grade‑level stories and informational texts, including identifying the main idea, key details, and story structure (characters, setting, problem, solution).
• Read with fluency: appropriate speed, accuracy, and expression.
• Use phonics to decode words, including long vowels, vowel teams, and multisyllabic words.
• Write short compositions with a clear topic, supporting details, and concluding statement.
• Produce complete sentences, use correct capitalization, punctuation, and spelling for grade‑level words.
• Participate in collaborative conversations, ask and answer questions, and recount key ideas from oral presentations.

🔢 Mathematics

Key benchmarks:

• Add and subtract within 100 using strategies based on place value and mental math.
• Solve one‑ and two‑step word problems involving addition and subtraction.
• Understand place value up to 1,000 (hundreds, tens, ones).
• Work with equal groups as a foundation for multiplication.
• Measure lengths using standard units (inches, feet, centimeters).
• Tell and write time to the nearest five minutes; understand AM/PM.
• Work with money: count coins, make change.
• Recognize and draw 2D and 3D shapes; understand attributes (edges, vertices, faces).

🔬 Science (NGSS‑aligned)

Key benchmarks:

• Understand plant and animal needs, habitats, and life cycles.
• Describe properties of matter (solid, liquid) and how materials can change.
• Observe and explain patterns in weather and seasonal changes.
• Understand motion and how pushes/pulls affect movement.
• Engage in simple scientific investigations, make observations, and record data.

🌍 Social Studies (C3 Framework)

Key benchmarks:

• Understand maps, globes, and basic geographic concepts (landforms, bodies of water).
• Learn about local communities, community roles, and basic government functions.
• Compare cultural traditions and communities around the world.
• Understand basic economic concepts: goods/services, needs/wants, producers/consumers.
• Use inquiry skills: ask questions, gather information, and explain findings.

✏️ General Learning & Behavior Benchmarks

• Follow multi‑step directions.
• Work independently for longer periods (10–20 minutes).
• Demonstrate organizational skills (keeping materials together, completing tasks).
• Collaborate with peers and participate in group activities.
• Show developing self‑regulation, including managing frustration and staying on task.

 

Create a comparison between X, Y and Z

Key takeaway: Second‑grade benchmarks in the X, Y, and Z differ in emphasis: the X prioritizes critical thinking and literacy skills, Y focuses on balanced development and foundational competencies, while Z emphasizes academic rigor, structured learning, and early mastery of core subjects. Below is a clear, structured comparison grounded in available research and curriculum analyses.

Country X (Common Core–aligned)

Overall emphasis: Creativity, critical thinking, foundational literacy and numeracy. 

Benchmarks:

• Reading: Identify main ideas, key details, story structure; develop fluency.
• Writing: Compose short texts with clear topics and supporting details.
• Math: Add/subtract within 100; understand place value to 1,000; solve word problems.
• Science: Hands‑on inquiry; basic properties of matter, weather patterns, life cycles.
• Approach: Student‑centered, discussion‑based, encourages exploration and independent thinking.

Country Y (City Curriculum as representative)

Overall emphasis: Balanced development, literacy, numeracy, social responsibility. 

Benchmarks:

• Reading: Understand main ideas, infer meaning, expand vocabulary through guided reading.
• Writing: Develop coherent paragraphs; apply grammar and punctuation; write for different purposes.
• Math: Master addition/subtraction to 100; early multiplication concepts; measurement and geometry.
• Science: Simple experiments; understanding properties of materials, growth of plants/animals.
• Approach: Holistic, inquiry‑based, with strong focus on communication and collaborative learning. (Y does not have a single national curriculum; provinces set standards. City’s Grade 2 expectations align closely with X. Common Core in structure.)

Country Z (Compulsory Education Standards)

Overall emphasis: Academic achievement, structured learning, early mastery of core subjects. 

Benchmarks:

• Reading: Master character recognition; read aloud fluently; understand text meaning; memorize selected passages.
• Writing: Copy characters accurately; write short compositions; follow strict handwriting rules.
• Math: Strong focus on computation accuracy; addition/subtraction within 100; early multiplication; problem‑solving with structured methods.
• Science: Basic natural science concepts; observation‑based tasks; less emphasis on open inquiry compared to X./Y.
• Approach: Teacher‑centered, rigorous, high expectations, structured practice. 

 

🧠 What this means for a second grader

• An X or Y second grader typically develops critical thinking, communication, and problem‑solving skills through exploration and discussion.
• A Z second grader typically develops strong foundational academic skills, especially in reading and math, through structured practice and memorization.
• Y benchmarks sit between the X and Z—balancing inquiry with structured skill developmen

A a parent‑friendly, easy‑to-use checklist that blends the typical Grade 2 benchmarks across the X, Y, and Z into one practical tool. It focuses on what most 7–8‑year‑olds are expected to do at this stage, without jargon or curriculum‑speak.

 

🌟 Second Grade Parent Checklist

A simple guide to track your child’s progress in reading, writing, math, science, and social development.

📘 Reading Skills

• Reads grade‑level books with growing confidence
• Understands the main idea and important details
• Can retell a story in order (beginning → middle → end)
• Recognizes most common words automatically
• Uses phonics to sound out new words
• Reads aloud smoothly with expression

✏️ Writing & Language

• Writes clear, complete sentences
• Uses capitals and punctuation correctly
• Spells common words accurately
• Writes short paragraphs with a topic and supporting details
• Can describe events, opinions, or simple stories
• Prints neatly and consistently (China places extra emphasis on handwriting accuracy)

🔢 Math Skills

• Adds and subtracts numbers up to 100
• Solves simple word problems
• Understands place value (ones, tens, hundreds)
• Begins working with equal groups (early multiplication)
• Tells time to the nearest five minutes
• Counts coins and understands basic money concepts
• Identifies and describes shapes (2D and 3D)

🔬 Science Skills

• Observes and describes plants, animals, and life cycles
• Understands basic properties of matter (solid, liquid)
• Recognizes weather patterns and seasonal changes
• Makes predictions and simple observations during experiments
• Records findings with drawings, charts, or short notes

🌍 Social Studies Skills

• Reads and uses simple maps
• Understands community roles (police, firefighters, mayor, etc.)
• Recognizes cultural traditions and differences
• Understands basic economic ideas (needs vs. wants, goods vs. services)
• Explains simple historical or community events

🧠 Thinking & Learning Skills

• Follows multi‑step directions
• Works independently for 10–20 minutes
• Stays focused and manages frustration better than in Grade 1
• Organizes school materials and completes tasks
• Participates in group activities and discussions

❤️ Social & Emotional Development

• Shows empathy and kindness toward peers
• Resolves small conflicts with words
• Understands rules and routines
• Takes responsibility for personal belongings
• Shows growing confidence and independence

🏠 Home Support Checklist

• Reads at home for 15–20 minutes most days
• Practices math facts (quick addition/subtraction)
• Writes short notes, stories, or journal entries
• Talks about daily events to build vocabulary
• Has regular routines for homework, sleep, and screen time

In conclusion, I feel more equipped and confident  as I step into the new school year, ready to support my child's educational and developmental growth. 

Transportation Impact Contribution (TIC) model

 

State and local governments face a widening transportation funding gap as fuel‑tax revenue declines and infrastructure costs rise. Traditional revenue sources—gas taxes, registration fees, and federal grants—are no longer sufficient to maintain roads, bridges, and transit systems. Mileage‑based user fees have been proposed as a replacement, but they raise persistent concerns about privacy, administrative complexity, and public acceptance.

The Transportation Impact Contribution (TIC) model provides a sustainable, equitable alternative that does not require tracking individual vehicle miles. Instead, TIC generates revenue from commercial sectors whose business operations create significant transportation demand and infrastructure wear. These include fast‑food chains, luxury goods retailers, and sports and entertainment venues—industries that rely heavily on public roads, generate high trip volumes, and benefit directly from transportation access.

The TIC framework consists of three targeted revenue mechanisms:

• Fast‑Food Transportation Impact Tax — A tiered annual fee on fast‑food locations based on vehicle trip generation, drive‑thru volume, and delivery activity. Estimated revenue: $2–5 billion annually.
• Luxury Goods Sustainability Surcharge — A 1–3% surcharge on high‑end retail purchases above a defined price threshold, reflecting the transportation and logistics impacts of luxury supply chains. Estimated revenue: $1–2 billion annually.
• Sports & Entertainment Mobility Impact Fee — A $1–$3 fee on event tickets and a venue‑level impact fee based on attendance and parking capacity. Estimated revenue: $1–1.5 billion annually.

Combined, these mechanisms can generate $4–8.5 billion per year without imposing a pay‑per‑mile system on consumers.

All revenue would be dedicated to a Transportation Infrastructure Fund (TIF) supporting road maintenance, bridge repair, transit expansion, EV charging networks, and traffic safety initiatives. The model includes safeguards to protect small businesses and incentivize sustainable practices, such as credits for EV delivery fleets and congestion‑reducing technologies.

The TIC system aligns transportation funding with transportation impact, ensuring that industries benefiting most from public infrastructure contribute proportionally to its upkeep. It avoids the privacy concerns and administrative burdens of mileage‑tracking systems while providing a stable, scalable revenue stream for long‑term infrastructure needs.

This approach strengthens transportation funding, enhances equity, and supports economic sustainability—without requiring a pay‑per‑mile program.

---

A sustainable transportation‑revenue plan can absolutely be built without charging consumers per mile. The key is to shift the burden toward industries whose business models heavily depend on public transportation infrastructure—fast food, luxury goods, and major sports/entertainment events. Below is a structured, actionable framework you can use as a policy concept, legislative outline, or strategic proposal.

---

🚦 Core Takeaway

A diversified Transportation Impact Contribution (TIC) system—funded by fast‑food chains, luxury retailers, and sports/entertainment venues—can replace or supplement pay‑per‑mile revenue by taxing industries that generate high transportation demand, congestion, and infrastructure wear.

🧭 Comprehensive Revenue Plan

“Transportation Impact Contribution” (TIC) Model

---

🍔 1. Fast‑Food Transportation Impact Tax

Fast‑food chains generate massive vehicle traffic due to drive‑thrus, delivery services, and high‑frequency customer turnover.

Structure

• Per‑location annual TIC fee based on:• Average daily vehicle trips (ADT)
• Drive‑thru volume
• Delivery fleet usage

• Tiered rate:• High‑traffic national chains pay more
• Low‑traffic local restaurants pay less

 

Why it works

• Fast‑food restaurants are among the top generators of short car trips.
• They rely heavily on public roads for customer access and delivery logistics.

Example revenue potential

• A $10,000–$25,000 annual TIC per high‑volume location
• With ~200,000 fast‑food locations nationwide → $2–5 billion annually

---

💎 2. Luxury Goods Transportation Sustainability Surcharge

High‑end luxury retail generates:

• High‑value deliveries
• International shipping
• Premium mall traffic
• Large carbon footprints

Structure

• 1–3% surcharge on luxury goods above a defined threshold (e.g., $1,000+ items)
• Applies to:• Jewelry
• Designer fashion
• High‑end electronics
• Luxury vehicles (non‑EV)

Why it works

• Luxury consumption is discretionary and less price‑sensitive.
• These industries rely on global logistics networks that burden transportation infrastructure.

Example revenue potential

• U.S. luxury market ≈ $75B/year
• 2% surcharge → $1.5B annually

---

🏟️ 3. Sports & Entertainment Mobility Impact Fee

Major events create:

• Traffic congestion
• Parking demand
• Road wear
• Public safety and transit costs

Structure

• $1–$3 per ticket Mobility Impact Fee
• Venue Impact Fee for stadiums/arenas based on:• Event frequency
• Attendance volume
• Parking capacity

 Why it works

• Events generate predictable, concentrated transportation loads.
• Fees can be collected seamlessly through ticketing systems.

Example revenue potential

• 500M+ annual U.S. sports/entertainment tickets
• $2 fee → $1B annually

---

🧮 Combined Revenue Potential

Sector Estimated Annual Revenue Key Mechanism
Fast Food $2–5B Location-based TIC
Luxury Goods $1–2B Sustainability surcharge
Sports/Entertainment $1–1.5B Ticket-based mobility fee
Total $4–8.5B No consumer pay‑per‑mile

---

🛠️ Implementation Framework

1. Define the Transportation Impact Index (TII)

A standardized formula measuring:

• Vehicle trip generation
• Delivery volume
• Event attendance
• Freight intensity

This index determines each sector’s tax tier.

2. Create a Transportation Infrastructure Fund (TIF)

All TIC revenue is earmarked for:

• Road maintenance
• Transit improvements
• EV charging networks
• Bridge repair
• Traffic safety programs

3. Legislative Components

• Statutory definition of TIC
• Industry classification
• Tiered tax schedule
• Annual reporting requirements
• Enforcement and auditing mechanisms

4. Economic Safeguards

• Exempt small businesses
• Cap annual increases
• Allow tax credits for:• EV delivery fleets
• Traffic‑reducing technologies
• Sustainable logistics investments

 --

🔍 Non‑Obvious Insight

This model aligns transportation funding with transportation impact, not with consumer behavior.
Industries that cause the most infrastructure strain—not everyday drivers—become the primary contributors.

This is politically more feasible than pay‑per‑mile and economically more equitable.

Policy Paper: A Phased Framework for Nuclear Stabilization and Regional De‑Escalation Involving Iran, the United States, and the European Union

 

Policy Paper: A Phased Framework for Nuclear Stabilization and Regional De‑Escalation Involving Iran, the United States, and the European Union

Executive Summary

This paper outlines a proposed phased framework designed to stabilize Iran’s nuclear program, provide structured and reversible sanctions relief, and create space for de‑escalation in Lebanon and Gaza. The framework incorporates lessons from previous agreements, including the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), and addresses the structural weaknesses that contributed to their fragility. The proposal emphasizes predictability, verification, multilateral coordination, and political insulation to reduce the risk of collapse due to domestic or regional pressures.

---

1. Background and Rationale

Tensions surrounding Iran’s nuclear program and regional conflicts have repeatedly escalated into crises affecting the Middle East and global security. Previous diplomatic efforts demonstrated that negotiated limits on Iran’s nuclear activities are achievable and verifiable, but also highlighted vulnerabilities:

• Reversibility of sanctions relief in the United States
• Exclusion of regional security issues from nuclear negotiations
• Perceptions of front‑loaded benefits
• Limited insulation from political transitions
• Absence of a broader regional security architecture

This framework seeks to address these weaknesses through a phased, conditional, and multi‑track approach.

---

2. Objectives of the Framework

The proposed framework aims to:

1. Stabilize Iran’s nuclear program through verifiable caps and monitoring.
2. Provide phased, reversible sanctions relief tied to compliance.
3. Reduce regional tensions in Lebanon and Gaza through parallel de‑escalation measures.
4. Build political and institutional resilience to prevent abrupt collapse.
5. Create a pathway toward broader regional security discussions beyond the first year.

---

3. Structure of the Framework

3.1. Three Integrated Tracks

The framework consists of three mutually reinforcing tracks:

• Nuclear Track: Limits on enrichment, stockpiles, and centrifuge deployment; full IAEA monitoring.
• Sanctions Track: Phased relief in 90–120 day cycles, with clear benchmarks and snapback mechanisms.
• Regional De‑Escalation Track: Parallel steps to reduce hostilities in Lebanon and Gaza, supported by humanitarian measures and communication channels.

These tracks are linked politically but not mechanically; nuclear compliance triggers sanctions relief, while regional de‑escalation is encouraged through diplomatic incentives rather than automatic penalties.

---

4. Phased Implementation Plan

Phase 0 (Months 0–2): Framework Agreement and Political Insulation

• Parties sign a Framework Declaration outlining commitments across all three tracks.
• Establish a Joint Commission with nuclear, sanctions, and regional sub‑groups.
• Begin domestic anchoring:
• Consultations with legislative bodies in the United States and Europe.
• Internal consensus‑building within Iran’s political institutions.
• Agree on a 90‑day consultation period before any party can exit the framework.

Phase 1 (Months 3–6): Initial Stabilization

Nuclear Measures:

• Iran caps enrichment at agreed levels and limits stockpiles.
• IAEA restores full monitoring access.

Sanctions Relief:

• Limited, reversible relief targeting oil exports and humanitarian channels.

Regional Measures:

• Informal understandings to reduce cross‑border incidents in Lebanon.
• Expanded humanitarian access in Gaza.

Phase 2 (Months 6–8): Consolidation

Nuclear:

• Iran implements additional transparency steps.
• IAEA issues public compliance reports.

Sanctions:

• Expanded relief, including broader financial channels.

Regional:

• Begin structured discussions on border stability in Lebanon and humanitarian arrangements in Gaza.
• Increased involvement of regional states.

Phase 3 (Months 9–12): Toward a Durable Framework

Nuclear:

• Negotiations on multi‑year enrichment caps and long‑term monitoring.

Sanctions:

• Discussions on longer‑term relief tied to sustained compliance.

Regional:

• Initiate talks on missile‑related confidence measures and non‑state actor activity.
• Explore options for a future regional security dialogue.

---

5. Actors and Stakeholders

5.1. Core Participants

• Iran: Executive leadership, nuclear authorities, and security institutions.
• United States: Executive branch and relevant congressional committees.
• European Union: High Representative and key member states.
• IAEA: Verification and reporting.

5.2. Regional Stakeholders

• Israel: Security concerns related to nuclear capability and regional actors.
• Lebanese actors, including armed groups: Impacted by de‑escalation measures.
• Palestinian actors: Affected by humanitarian and security arrangements.
• Arab states: Interested in regional stability and missile issues.
• Russia and China: Influence over UN‑level processes.

---

6. Risks and Mitigation Strategies

6.1. Reversibility of U.S. Commitments

Risk: Policy shifts after elections.
Mitigation:

• Partial legislative anchoring.
• Multilateral economic channels to reduce vulnerability to unilateral actions.
• Mandatory consultation period before withdrawal.

6.2. Regional Escalation

Risk: Incidents in Lebanon or Gaza derail nuclear progress.
Mitigation:

• Separate but parallel tracks.
• Crisis communication channels.
• Graduated responses rather than automatic snapback.

6.3. Perception of Imbalanced Benefits

Risk: Domestic criticism in all parties.
Mitigation:

• Phased, performance‑based relief.
• Public IAEA reporting.
• Clear benchmarks.

6.4. Insufficient Political Buy‑In

Risk: Internal opposition in Iran, the U.S., or regional states.
Mitigation:

• Early consultations.
• Transparent communication strategies.
• Inclusion of regional concerns in later phases.

---

7. Expected Outcomes After One Year

If implemented successfully, the first year would likely produce:

• A stabilized and verifiably constrained nuclear program.
• Measurable economic relief for Iran tied to compliance.
• Reduced frequency of cross‑border incidents in Lebanon.
• Improved humanitarian conditions in Gaza.
• A structured platform for broader regional security discussions.
• Greater resilience against abrupt political shifts.

---

8. Conclusion

This phased framework offers a structured, realistic approach to reducing nuclear and regional tensions. By integrating lessons from past agreements and emphasizing verification, predictability, and political insulation, it aims to create a more durable foundation for long‑term stability. While it does not resolve all underlying conflicts, it provides a practical pathway to reduce risks, build trust, and open space for broader diplomatic engagement.

The Custodian

 Prayer: I pray God gives our lawmakers and leader wisdom and discernment as he did for the leaders in the bible.  Our Savior has already empowered and embolden us with the knowledge, resources and abilities. May he give us the compassion to govern with a heart for the people we serve.  

    I am confused. When I am confused I have questions.  First, why was the pro tempore put in place? More specifically what was the purpose of appointing a pro tempore? Was it to say a prayer and bang the gavel each day and to provide the next assembly? Setting the next meeting and banging the gavel could be done by the custodian.  By custodian, I mean the person who empties the trash bins at the end of the day. I was under the impression the pro tempore was set in place for the assembly to be able to continue with the business at hand -until the next speaker had been selected. There are two pressing matters that need immediate attention: aid/defense and CR to the budget fast approaching. In order to handle the business of the day and address the matters; workflow will need to continue. Continuing at a slower pace is far better than stopping all workflow. These are unprecedented circumstances, keeping this in mind; the pro tempore should be shown some grace, respect and support in getting bills to the floor and passed. 

    I understand aid support to Ukraine and Israel, but when did Taiwan come into the picture for assistance.  Better yet, why have they been brought into the picture? I wake up one morning and see Taiwan in the budget.  One of my biggest pet peeves is piggy-backing in the political arena.  The most convoluted occurrence of this is on the local ballot.  On local level taxpayers are polled and ask to agree to add a home exception tax credit and in the same question  piggy -back taxing  the people for the next 19 years to build a casino in their back yard. In a larger picture, not allowing a resolution for aid/defense or CR budget in order to get funds allocated towards putting up this wall or strengthening border patrol is subversive. Lets work together.

    Enhanced border security and immigration enforcement. Sigh. This one is hard and I believe will take some research. It is hard because this country was founded on "discovery" by Christopher Columbus, who before discovering was a foreigner. Then those now know as African-American were brought to America against their will and kept as slaves. It wasn't until hundreds of years later those same African-American were "said to be equals".  Based on this I say open up the borders and let anyone that wants to take a shot at the "American dream" have at it. If one is willing to work hard and be a productive member of society-who am I to deny.  The fentanyl crisis can resolve itself thorough natural selection. It may sound harsh, but to what end do we pour into the never ending war on drugs.  Our children need education, after school programs, tools and resources. Note to self, research best practices for US, Mexico, Canada, South Korea, UAE and UK border patrol policies and security. 

Its been a week! Goal for next week continued pray for those caught in the crossfire. 

State of the nation

 Where do I begin? With prayer.  My prayers are with Israel and Ukraine, may God give them favor and peace. 

    Now as for the House speaker, there is too much money for these folks not to get it together. Matt Gaetz made a powerful move removing McCarthy from the position.  However, paralleling this to a chess move, he left the nation vulnerable. This vulnerability comes at a time when the US cannot afford.  Until recently I didn't know McHenry was sitting pro tempore and essentially going through the motions each day until a permanent was selected. At this point, the nation needs to make moves. From what I have gathered Scalise withdrew and Jordan isn't the right one either. McHenry seems content with doing the minimum and is not looking to help precedence to be written.  I think for the next six months or until the next speaker has been selected, McCarthy and McHenry should work together to get aid packages to Israel and Ukraine. The 6 B that Ukraine requested is not going to be plausible. What is more plausible is 50% going back into US defense (China and Russia off the coast of Alaska in International waters did not go unnoticed), 25% going to Ukraine and 25% going to Israel. 

    Next an approach meeting needs to be set up to work out how the budget will be handled.  The CR has already taken place allowing more time, but a systematic approach to cut the budget needs to be established. No one, and that is absolutely no one needs to come to the table without less than 20% in budget cuts. The approach meeting needs to set out how the budget will be reviewed, when and which date each of the 12 agenda items are to be addressed, the first being aid and defense. Two agenda items a month and meetings every week until this gets sorted out is the only way this is going to work in the favor of our nation. 

    We as a nation need for these "Representatives" to put aside the pettiness, such as going after Biden when those efforts can be put to good use elsewhere.  McCarthy still needs to work this out like he stated when he was voted in, and since McHenry is already in place, he will have to do more.  Like bring the agenda items to the floor and possibly getting the House on the same page. He cant do it by himself, he will need help. Who better than the man that was ousted and the last one in the position. Compromise and communication should not be a new concept. 

Big dreams, small steps

 https://gofund.me/363bb213